Oil burner



Feb. 7, 1928. 1,658,462

G. PETERSON OIL BURNER Filed May 16, 1927 2 Sheets-Sheet l XNVENTOR Qeozye Pei 6129021 ATTORNEY Feb. 7, 1928, 1,658,462

G. PETERSON OIL BURNER Filed May 16, 1927 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Mm 5 @W,

Patented Feb. 7, 1928. v

' UNITED STATES v A l,658,462

PATENT OFFICE].

GEORGE PETERSON, OF BAYONNE, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOR TO SUPREME OILBURNER COMPANY, OF BAYONNE, NEW JERSEY, A CORPORATION 01' NEW JERSEY.

on. BURNER.

Application filed. May 16, 1927. Serial No. 191,782.

My present invention relates to an improvement in oil burners and while it is more specifically directed to that type customarily used in household heating, it need not be so limited.

Among the various advantages of my present construction, is that of simplicity of the structural parts, encompassing an improvement in the burning of liquid fuel therein.

Another advantage of my structure is in the fire pot and its introduction into the stream of ingoing liquid fuel and air, thereby to help volatilize the same.

Another advantage 'lies in the improvement in the means whereby a constantlevel of fuel may be maintained within the burner proper to meet the conditions of vaporization at the redetermined level, all excess or overflow eing conducted back to the source of supply.

Another advantage of my device lies in the provision of means whereby an artificial oil fuel level may be created within the burner nozzle, which level is created and held only during the operation of the burner but immediately recedes to the common fuel oil level when the operation of the burner is discontinued.

Owing to the foregoing conditions and the construction of the front end of the fuel oil reservoir or nozzle or forward compartment thereof, as will be later described, may .be utilized as a pilot light to the extent of its reserve of fuel carried therein.

These and'other capabilities and advantages will be ascertained as the description proceeds.

In the accompanying drawings. Fig. 1 is a sectional view indicating a. fragment of a heater plant, showing my burner system, partially in section and its associate relation thereto;

Fig. 2 is a sectional View thereof from the top, taken on the line 2-2, Fig. 1, looking in the direction of the arrows;

Flg. 3 is a perspective view of the hot gas inlet tube;

Fig. 4 is a perspective View of the air actuated fuel atomizing device; and

. Fig. 5 is a perspective view of the lid therefor shown apart from the structure in In some essentialsmy construction is of the well known kind, embracing, as it does, and as is indicated in Fig. 2, an electric motor 1, on one end of the shaftof which is mounted any suitable fluid oil pump, such as the geared pump 2, and mounted on its opposite shaft end an suitable air blast blower 3, all of which, or the sake of cleanliness in operation, may be covered by a suitable housing 4 which'may be provided with an air inlet opening, not shown, for admission of air to the fan. Part of this air inlet opening is shown at 5, Fig. 1.

The blower 1, as shown herein, is of the vane type, the direction of the rotation thereof being in the direction of the arrow 6, Fig. 1, and this forces the air out of the pump housing extension 7 in the direction of the arrows 8, the air being constricted at 9 .by means of an interior-1y located ta ering tube 10, which is axially mounted wit in an outer enclosing tubular shell 11, thereby forming a graduated tapering chamber 12 therebetween.

The outer shell 11 maybe developed into an enlarged cylindrical shell portion at the furnace end, and generally denoted by 13, the end l of which is substantially flush with the inner face of the wall of the annular fire pot 15 which is made of fire brick and suitably mounted within the boiler 16 to support the outer end of the burner mechanism just described.

Into the interior of the shell extension 13 is introduced a hot gas return pipe 16, Figs. 1 and 3. This pipe, it will be noted, comprises a cylindrical or tubular portion having outwardly extended foraminous flanges 17 and 18 on opposite ends thereof, the outer (llfll'llGtGlS of which securely fit the inner diameter of the extension shell 13 so as to form a substantially friction-tight fit therewith, and this shell may be suitably fastened in position by any desired means against ac-v cidental displacement.

By referring to Fig.1, it Wlll. be noted that during the operation of the air blower the consequent air therefrom flows in the direction of the arrows 6, 8, 19, and 20, and that the air discharges from the end B of the tapering tube 9, at which point, the end 13 forms a sort of constricted orifice or venturi. The tubes and 16 both cooperate to form what I shall hereinafter term a Venturi duct; and, the hot gases in returning through the annular space are in constant contact with this duct even as far back as the point of contact'between tube 10 and outer tube 11, thus giving an exceedingly high heat transfer efliciency to my oil burner. Just behind the front end of the venturi is located the foraminous flange 17 of the tube 16. It will be further noted that between these two, at that point, is an annular opening 19 sothat by the passage of the air thereby, as indicated by the arrow 19, an eduction action is created within the chamber 20 surroundin the tube 16, and thereby draws gas from t e interior of the fire pot 15, this gas entering as indicated by the .arrows 21, 22 and 23, and at the Venturi point previously referred to, there joining the incoming body of fresh air, as indicated by the arrow 19', and admixing therewith, thus increasing the temperature of the incoming air and rendering it better able to take up and volatilize the fuel during the passage through the interior of the tube 16 on its way to the fire pot.

Near the end 14 of the complete burner nozzle, as described above, is located and rigidly supported an oil atomizing reservoir fully shown in Fig. 4, and this comprises in its essential details a substantially rectangular container 24 divided into two compart- -ments by a transverse wall 25, the outer or end compartment 26 having a rounded wall 27, the opposite end of the device 24 having a flat wall 28 with a threaded nipple 29 thereon, whereby to receivably hold, in operative position, a fuel oil feed pipe 30 which is amply disclosed in Fig. 1.

It will further be noted that the rounded end 27 of the reservoir 24 is stepped down as at 31, Fig. 4, and has a threaded hole 32 therein over which is mounted a draft plate 33, somewhat semicircular, in formation, and in the lid 33 is located a bore 34 into which is introduced a screw to hold the said lid in the operative position as is shown in section in Fig. 1. The plate 33 is therefore held in such a manner as to vform an open gap between the reservoir 26 and the lid 33, the

pur ose of which will belater described.

ounted in the rectangular chamber 35 of the fuel oil reservoir 24 and preferably transversely thereof is rotatably mounted a bladed propeller 36, the same being supported by means of a shaft 37, simpl mounted by means of a screw 38 holding t e fiat end of the shaft 37 in the desired axial relation to the reservoir 24. The reservoir 24 may be provided with two cut-outs 39 on opposite sides whereby the large diameter of rotative fan may be deeply immersed within the pot and, at the same time, expose a greater proportion of the fan to the air stream as indicated by the arrow 19, in Fig. 4, thus causing the fan to rotate in the direction of the arrow 40. Obviously, if the compartment 35 is partially filled to the desired level with oil, the flow of air through the inner c linder 16 will cause the fan to rotate an the outer edges of the blade of said fan will con sequently dip into the liquid oil within said reservoir and thus propel the oil therein through the opening or duct 26' in the partition 25 thereby furnishing fuel oil to the burner, the front compartment thereof 26, whereby a hi her or artificial oil level than level A may e maintained in the forward compartment 26 at all times, where it is subject to the eduction action of the air stream in passing thereby and also to the heat of the fire pot. This thus provides an oil fu'el supply to the ingoing heated air stream, the draft plate 33 permitting of an aspiration action by the air stream as it passes over the top thereof. I

The fuel feed oil pipe 30, as indicated in Fig. 2, 1S run outwardly through the side walls of the tubes 10 and 11, and is threadedly joined to an oil levelizer reservoir 41 which is attached to one side of the'casing 4, this levelizer being in the form of an auxlliary or separate fuel oil container, and at the point of connection of the pipe 30 with 41 substantially determines, as indicated in Fig. 1, the oil level A, in such reservoir.

At the opposite'end of the levelizer 41 is connected an overflow pipe 42 which in turn enters into and is suitably mounted upon the main fuel oil reservoir 43 which is ordinarily buried in the ground below the level of the burner apparatus, in accord with the customary practice.

From the levelizer 41 extends another pipe 44 which is connected to the pump 2 whereby oil may be fed from the pump to the said levelizer, said oil being pumped from the main reservoir 43 through a pipe 45.

As the fuel oil is being constantly supplied by the pump 2 from the reservoir 43 to the levelizer 41 in excess quantities, it is obvious that any excess oil going above or over the level A in the reservoir 41 must flow back into the tank 43 through pipe 42 thereby maintaining the approximate level A, not only in the levelizer but also in the feed pipe 30 and in the oil atomizing reservoir 24 so that no excess oil can enter the fan reservoir thereof above the predetermined level A.

Thus it will be noted that the burner nozzlc 24, by reason of its two compartments 26 and 35, is divided to maintain two fuel oil levels, one a natural food level A, and the other a fan controlled higher level in COIIl partment 26, and at the period of stopping or starting the burner operation the residual oil fuel in compartment 26 may be used as a pilot or starting light to ignite the fuel.

When the furnace is in operation, the blower forces air through the duct 10, and by the Venturi action previously described, draws hot gases from the fire pot 15, commingles these at the Venturi point B, passes by and over the rotating fan 36, causing it to rotate and by reason of the ends of the vanes of the fan dipping into the oil level A, the

fan throws up a higher oil level in compartment 26, which is picked up by the hot air stream and advanced to the gaseous state. The oil in the chamber 26 of the reservoir nozzle 24 is practically vaporized by its proximity to the hot fire pot 15, and as the air stream passes thereby, forms a vaporous fuel, creating a true gas, which burns quietly with a blue flame in the fire pot.

To further accentuate the quiet burning of the gas and to rapidly increase its temperature as it enters the fire pot, I have arranged in the path of the incoming burning fuel gas stream, a vitreous bafile C, Figs. 1

and 2, located at about the middle of the fire pot, this baflle being somewhat angular in cross-section, and presenting one of its edges to the center of the fuel stream, splitting the same, and causing the gas, when the baffle becomes incandescent to burn readily and cleanly, with a minimum of smoke, odor and noise.

Obvious modifications may be made in the foregoing structure without departing from the spirit of novelty here"-n outlined or the scope of the appended claims.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is:

1. In a fuel oil burner of the class described, the combination with a source of main fuel oil supply and a fire pot, of means for operating a blast of air, and a Venturi duct for carrying the air to said fire pot. a duct for conducting hot gases from the fire potto said Venturi duct in constant contact with said Venturi duct, an oil reservoir supplied by said main supply in said Venturi duct adjacent the fire pot, and means associated with said reservoir adapted to atomize the oil.

2. In a fuel oil burner of the class described, the combination with a source of main fuel oil supply, and a fire pot, of means for creating a blast of air, a Venturi duct bctween said means for carrying air to said fire pot, a duct for conducting hot gases from the fire pot to said venturi, an oil reservoir. supplied from said main supply disposed within the Venturi duct adjacent the fire pot, means associated with said reservoir to atolnize the oil, and propeller means operated by said air blast associated with said reservoir to force fuel to said atomizing means at a higher head than supplied to the reservoir by the main oil supply.

3. In a fuel oil burner of the class described the combination with a source of main fuel oil supply and a fire pot of means for creating a blast of air, a Venturi duct between said means for carrying the air to said fire pot, a duct for conducting hot gases from the fire pot to said venturi, an oil reservoir supplied from said main supply, disposed within said Venturi duct adjacent the fire pot, means associated with said reservoir to atomize the oil, means associated with said main supply for maintaining a constant supply of oil to said reservoir, and a rotatable fuel propelling fan associated with said reservoir to force the oil to the atomizing means at a head higher than that supplied to the reservoir by the main supply.

4. In a burner of the class described, a fuel burner duct comprising an outer encasing duct member, a gradual tapering air tube, means for connecting the same to a blower at one end, a hot air intake duct supported at the other end thereof and an atomizer having a perforated partition disposed adjacent the tapering tube.

5. In a burner of the class described, a fuel burner duct comprising an outer encasing shell member, a tapering air tube, means for connecting the same to a blower at one end, a hot air intake duct supported at the other end thereof and an oil spray nozzle having a perforated partition disposed therein.

6. In a burner of the class described a fuel burner duct comprising an outer cncasing tubular member, a tapering air tube, means for connecting the same to an air blower at one end, a hot air intake duct supported at the other end thereof, said air tube and hot air duct both cooperating to form a Venturi duct, a partitioned oil reservoir in said Venturi duct, means associated with a portion of said reservoir to atomize the oil, an air actuated rotatable propeller associated with another portion of said reservoir and adapted to forcibly move oil thru said partition into said atoinizing portion of the reservoir.

7. In a burner of the class dez-qcribcd. comprisin in combination with a source of main ucl oil supply, an air blower, air feeding means, a fuel nozzle therein, means for feeding liquid fuel from the main source of supply to said fuel nozzle, including an auxiliary fuel receiving reservoir, said reservoir having a perforated partition therein, air driven propeller means associated with said lot) source of supply to said fuel propeller, in-

cluding an auxiliary liquid fuel receiving reservoir, supporting said propeller, sai reservoir having a perforated partition therein, means for feeding fuel from the main source of supply to said auxiliary fuel reservoir, and means therein for maintaining a constant level of fuel in one portion of said auxiliary fuel reservoir, said propeller maintaining a higher level of fuel in another portion of said auxiliary fuel reservoir.

9. In a burner of the class described comprising, in combination with a source of main fuel oil supply, means for creating a blast of air, a fire pot, a Venturi duct means therebetween, an atomizer having a perforated partition disposed within said Venturi duct, an angular vitreous baille in said the pot, said baffle being presented with one of its angles toward the fire pot end of said Venturi duct as and for the purpose described.

10. In a fuel oil burner of the classdescribed, a fuel atomizing nozzle comprising a casing, a compartment forming wall therein dividing said nozzle into two compartments, communicating means between said compartments and an air stream actuated fuel propelling fan in one compartment adapted. to force oil into the other compartment.

11. In a fuel oil burner of the class described, a fuel atomizing nozzle comprising a casing, a compartment forming wall thereindividing said nozzle into two compartments, an air stream actuated fuel propelling fan in one compartment, said wall havin a duet therein for admitting fuel to the other said compartinent as propelled by said.

fan.

12. In a fuel oil burner of the class described, a liquid fuel atomizing nozzle comprising a casing, a compartment forming wall therein dividing said nozzle into two compartments, means for conducting fuel at a predetern'iined lower level to one coin partment, said wall embodying a duct for supplying liquid fuel to the other said compartment at a higher level than in the other I compartment, and rotating means in the first said compartment for moving fuel from one level to the other level.

13. In a fuel oil burner of the class "described, a liquid fuel atomizing nozzle comprising a casing, a compartment forming partition therein dividing said nozzle into two compartments, an air stream actuated fuel propelling fan in one compartment, means for conducting fuel at a predetermined level to the fan in said fan compartment, and said partition being provided with means for passing liquid fuel, propelled by said fan, to the other said compartment at a higher level than the level in the first said compartment.

14. In a fuel oil burner of the class described, a liquid fuel supplying nozzle comprising'a casing, a compartment forming wall therein dividing the said nozzle into two compartments, a rotatable fuel propelling fan in one of said compartments, means for conducting fuel at a predetermined level to said fan compartment, said wall being provided with a duct to supply liquid fuel to the other said compartment at a level higher than the liquid in the said fan compartment, and means for operating said fan whereby to create said higher level.

15. In a burner, a fuel burner duct comprising an outer encasing shell member, a tapering air tube, a hotair intake duct associated therewith comprising an outer shell and an inner shell having foraminous upstanding flanges thereon, said flanges permit-ting engagement of the two said shells one within the other.

16. In a fuel oil burner of the class described, a liquid fuel supplying nozzle comprising a casing, a compartment forming wall therein dividing the said nozzle into two compartments, a rotatable fuel propelling fan in one of said compartments, means for conducting fuel at a predetermined level to said fan compartment, said wall being provided with a duct to supply liquid fuel to the other said compartment at a level higher than the liquid in the said fan compartment, means for operating said fan whereby to create said. higher level, and a fuel spraying means on said second compartment.

17. An oil burner comprising a gradually tapering tube and a tube having a flanged foraininous portion adapted to form a Venturi'duct and a blower duct for confining a mixture of heated air and air from the Ill) blower to an atomizer, said atomizer emhody- I ing spaced compartments. one of the compartments containing means for elevating the head of oil entering into the other compartment, and means associated with the atomizer for deflecting the mixture of gases into a fire chamber.

18. An oil burner, having a gradually tapering tube and a tube having a flange foraminous portion, in combination with a fire pot having a vitreous wall adapted to divide and ignite mixture of gases transmitted by the tubes, and an atomizer disposed at one terminal of the flangedfnraminous tube adjacent the wall, and means within the atomizer for elevating the head of oil therein in its travel towards the fire pot.

19. An oil burner having a gradually tapering tube and a tube having a flanged foraminous portion, in combination with a fire pot embodying a vitreous deflecting wall, a jacket concentrically spaced from the foraminous flanged tube, an atomizer having a pluralit of compartments, and means disposed wit in one compartment for elevating the head of oil entering into the other compartment.

20. In a fuel oil burner a fuel atomizer comprising a casin adapted to hold oil, perforated partitioning means integral with said casing dividing said casing into two compartments, disc means removably associated with one of said compartments whereby an aspirating action is created on the oil by the air stream as it passes over the to of the disc means, an air operated rotating uid propeller mounted in the other com artment and adapted to force oil into the rst compartment.

21. In a fuel oil burner, a fuel atomizer comprising a casing, perforated Partitioning means in said casing dividing said easing into compartments, means removably associated with one of said compartments and acting therewith as a draft member, an air actuated fluid propeller associated with the other compartment and supplying oil under pressure to said draft portion.

22. In a fuel oil burner system, a power means, an oil pump, an air blower, both driven thereby, a fire pot, said blower and fire pot connected by means acting as a Venturi duct, atomizing means in said duct, said oil pumping means supplying oil under a constant head to said atomizing means, oil propelling means associated with said atomizing means and operated by said blower to supply oil for atomization at a head above that sup lied by the oil pumping means.

Signe at Bayonne in the county of Hudson and State of New Jersey this 13th day of May A. D. 1927.

GEORGE PETERSON 

